Young people – Plurals
Young people generally make their decisions alone or with the help of a
friend of the same age.
Very often this happens because there is no communication between
parents and children.
Parents, sometimes, have no time to talk with their children and boys
and girls move and live their parents.
There are, of course, different remedies for this situation. For
example:
Parents must talk frankly to their children and try to understand their
problems.
(From: BERTOLIN, Rafael & SILVA, Antonio de Siqueira e; Apostila do
Sistema de Ensino IBEP; Novo Ensino Médio; Vol. Único; Língua Inglesa; P 57;
2006)
PLURAL OF NOUNS
1.
Regra geral: Forma-se o plural dos substantivos,
geralmente, acrescentando- se s ao
singular: postcard – postcards (cartão postal); place
– places (lugar/es) car – cars
2.
0s substantivos terminados em y
precedido de vogal seguem a regra geral: acrescenta-se s ao singular. boy – boys ; toy – toys (brinquedo/s); key – Keys (chave/s)
3.
0s substantivos terminados em y
precedido de consoante formam o plural mudando-se o y por i e acrescentando-se es. city – cities (cidade/s); lady
– ladies; secretary - secretaries
4.
Aos substantivos terminados em: s;
sh; ch; x; z e o geralmente se acrescenta es
bus – buses; glass
– glasses (vidro/s); ash – ashes
(cinzeiro/s); flash – flashes;
beach – beaches (praia/s); church – churches (igreja/s); watch – watches
(relógio/s); box – boxes
(caixa/s); fox – foxes (raposa/s); topaz – topazes; potato – potatoes (batata/s); tomato – tomatoes;
negro – negroes; ...
Exceções:
Palavras
estrangeiras com o final “o” seguem a regra geral “Word + S”: photo - photos; piano – pianos; kilo/s; zoo/s;
radio/s; kimono/s;
Words
terminadas em CH, com som de “K”, seguem a regra geral “word+ S”: patriarch – patriarchs; monarch – monarchs; epoch – epochs; stomach –
stomachs;
5.
0s substantivos terminados em F ou FE
no singular geralmente mudam o F por V
e acrescentamos ES: leaf – leaves
(folha/s); life – lives (vida/s); knife
– knives (faca/s): wife – wives
(esposa/s); wolf – wolves (lobo/s);
Alguns
nouns ended in F ou FE seguem a regra geral:
Roof – roofs (telhado/s); cliff – cliffs (rochedo/s); safe/s (cofre/s); handkerchief/s (lenço/s); sheriff/s (xerife/s);
Os
nouns: beef (carne); hoof (casco); scarf (cachecol) e wharf (cais) podem fazer
o plural com “s” ou “vês”.
6.
0s substantivos com o final man mudam para men:
man – men (homem/ns); woman
– women (mulher/es); policeman –
policemen (policial/iais); fireman – firemen (bombeiro/s); mailman – mailmen (carteiro/s); postman – postmen (carteiro/s); gentleman – genttemen (cavatheiro/s);
7.
Esses substantivos mudam OO por EE no
plural:
foot- feet (pé/s);
tooth – teeth (dente/s); goose –
geese (ganso/s) …
8.
Alguns irregular substantives:
Child – children (criança/s); ox – oxen (boi/s): mouse – mice (rato/s); die – dice (dado/s);
louse – lice (piolho/s)
9.
Estes substantivos têm a mesma forma
para o a singular e para o plural:
fish – fish (peixe/s);
sheep – sheep (ovelha/s); fruit –
fruit (fruta/s); bread – Bread
(pão/pães);
10.
News: Geralmente só se emprega no
singular:
Is there any news? (Há alguma novidade?); What's the news? (Que
há de novo?)
11. people: A palavra people pode ter dois sentidos:
a) people
= povo, nação
Nesse
caso, tem uma forma para o singular e outra para o plural:
people: povo peoples: povos
The Brazilian people is good. (O
povo brasileiro é bom.)
There are many
peoples in the world. (Há
muitas pessoas no mundo)
b) people
= pessoas, gente
Nesse
sentido, a palavra people fica
invariável e exige o verbo no plural:
There are many people in the room. (Há muitas
pessoas na sala.)
Quando mudamos uma frase, sentença ou oração para o plural, não podemos nos esquecer de
a) Os indefinidos "a e an" (um, uma) só existem no singular;
b) O to be verb muda: "is" - para - "are"; "WAS" muda para "WERE";
c) Os adjetivos não variam;
d) A 3ª Pessoa do singular, que no "SPT" tem "S, ES ou IES", perdem essa terminação, quando vão para o plural;
Escreva no plural:
1.
A white tooth. White teeth.
2.
A big foot. __________________
3.
A little tooth _________________
4.
A wild mouse _________________
5.
A white goose. _______________
6.
An old ox. OLD OXEN
7.
A green leaf. _________________
8.
A happy child. __________________
9. A big bus. ____________________
10.
A disorganized party. ______________
Continue escrevendo no PLURAL
Ex: There was a goose in the lake.
There were geese in the lakes.
1. There was an ox in the field.
2.
There was a mouse in the old house.
3. There was a man in the bus.
4.
There was a watch in the box.
5. Take the key. __________________
6.
The new watch is in the Box. ______
7.
The lady plays the piano. __________
8.
The photo is in the glass. _____________
9.
The body is on the beach. __________
10 An old ox is at the field. __________
11 A child plays with the tooth.
______
12. A goose runs away from the bitch.
the ACE = O gabarito
PLURALS
2. Big feet. 3. Little teeth. 4. Wild mice.
5. White geese. 7. Green leaves.
8. Happy children. 9. Big buses. 10. Disorganized parties.
THE ACE - EXERCISE PLURALS 2.
1. tHERE WERE OXEN IN THE FIELDS.
2. There were mice in the old houses.
3. There were men in the busus.
5. There were watches in the boxes.
6. Take the keys.
7. The ladies play the pianos.
8. The photos are in the glasses.
9. The bodies are on the beaches.
10.Old oxenare at the fields.
11. Children play with the teeth.
12. Geese run away from the bitches.
